Which term describes influence exerted through military force or economic sanctions?

Which term describes influence exerted through military force or economic sanctions?

• A. Justify
• B. Hard Power
• C. Incentive
• D. Infrastructure

Answer: (B)

Influence through military force or economic sanctions is described as hard power. In international relations, hard power relies on coercion—using or threatening force to compel others to act in a certain way—and on economic tools like sanctions, trade blocks, or other penalties to pressure a state. It’s about producing results through pressure rather than persuasion. The other terms don’t fit this idea. Justify is about giving reasons or rationale, not a method of exerting influence. An incentive refers to a reward or inducement to encourage a desired action, which is not the same as coercive force or sanctions. Infrastructure means the physical systems and facilities that support a country’s functioning, not a strategy for influencing others.

Influence through military force or economic sanctions is described as hard power. In international relations, hard power relies on coercion—using or threatening force to compel others to act in a certain way—and on economic tools like sanctions, trade blocks, or other penalties to pressure a state. It’s about producing results through pressure rather than persuasion.

The other terms don’t fit this idea. Justify is about giving reasons or rationale, not a method of exerting influence. An incentive refers to a reward or inducement to encourage a desired action, which is not the same as coercive force or sanctions. Infrastructure means the physical systems and facilities that support a country’s functioning, not a strategy for influencing others.